Oracle Encryption Wallet
Version 12.2

General Information
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Secure storage of encryption keys and certificates
Data Dictionary Objects
CDB_WALLET_ACES GV$ENCRYPTION_WALLET NACL$_WALLET_EXP_TBL
CDB_WALLET_ACLS GV$WALLET USER_WALLET_ACES
DBA_WALLET_ACES NACL$_WALLET V$ENCRYPTION_WALLET
DBA_WALLET_ACLS NACL$_WALLET_EXP V$WALLET
Exceptions
Error Code Reason
ORA-28353 Wallet did not open
ORA-28354 Encryption wallet, auto login wallet, or HSM is already open
ORA-28368 Can not autocreate wallet
ORA-28390 Auto login wallet not open but encryption wallet may be open
Topics
Create Infrastructure KEYSTORE WALLET
 
Create: Operating System Level
Create directory mkdir $ORACLE_BASE\admin\<SID>\wallet
-- Note: This step is identical with the one performed with SECUREFILES. If a wallet already exists skip this step.

host

mkdir $ORACLE_BASE\admin\orabase\wallet

exit
Alter SQLNET.ORA file -- Note: This step is identical with the one performed with SECUREFILES. If a wallet already exists skip this step.

 # sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: c:\app\oracle\product\12.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

# This file is actually generated by netca. But if customers choose to
# install "Software Only", this file wont exist and without the native
# authentication, they will not be able to connect to the database on NT.

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)

ENCRYPTION_WALLET_LOCATION=
(SOURCE=
(METHOD=FILE)
(METHOD_DATA= (DIRECTORY=c:\app\oracle\admin\orabase\wallet)))

-- Note: if you do not use this wallet location expect ORA-28368: cannot auto-create wallet when setting the key
 
Create: Database Level
Set Encryption Key ALTER SYSTEM SET encryption key authenticated by "<password>";
conn / as sysdba

SQL> show con_name

CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT

ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION KEY AUTHENTICATED BY "N0way!";

desc gv$encryption_wallet

col wrl_parameter format a40

SELECT * FROM v$encryption_wallet;
 
KEYSTORE
Create Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT CREATE KEYSTORE '<keystore_location>'
IDENTIFIED BY <keystore_password>;
Create Autologin Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT CREATE [LOCAL] AUTOLOGIN KEYSTORE' <keystore_location>'
IDENTIFIED BY <keystore_password>;
Open Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE OPEN IDENTIFIED BY <keystore_password>
[CONTAINER = <ALL | CURRENT>];
Close Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE CLOSE
[IDENTIFIED BY <keystore_password>]
[CONTAINER = <ALL | CURRENT>];
Backup Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT BACKUP KEYSTORE [USING '<backup_identifier>']
[IDENTIFIED BY <keystore_password>]
TO '<keystore_location>';
Alter Keystore Password ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT ALTER KEYSTORE PASSWORD
[IDENTIFIED BY <old_keystore_password>]
SET <new_keystore_password>]
[WITH BACKUP [USING '<backup_identifier>']];
Merge Into New Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT MERGE KEYSTORE
'<keystore1_location>' [IDENTIFIED BY <keystore1_password>]
ADD KEYSTORE '<keystore2_location>' [IDENTIFIED BY <keystore2_password>]
INTO NEW KEYSTORE '<keystore3_location>' [IDENTIFIED BY <keystore3_password>];
Merge Into Existing Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT MERGE KEYSTORE
'<keystore1_location>' [IDENTIFIED BY <keystore1_password>]
INTO EXISTING KEYSTORE '<keystore2_location>' [IDENTIFIED BY <keystore2_password>]
[WITH BACKUP [USING '<backup_identifier>']];
Administer Key Management Syntax ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT <key_management_clauses>
Administer Key Management Syntax ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT <secret_management_clauses>
Create Keystore Administrator for containers 1 and 3
SQL> CREATE USER c##sec_admin IDENTIFIED BY "N0Way!";

User created.

SQL> GRANT create session TO c##sec_admin;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT syskm TO c##sec_admin;

Grant succeeded.

-- also grant create session
SQL> conn sys@pdbdev as sysdba
Enter password:
Connected.

SQL> GRANT create session TO c##sec_admin;

Grant succeeded.
Create Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT CREATE [LOCAL] [AUTO_LOGIN] KEYSTORE <'keystore_path_and_location'>
IDENTIFIED BY <password>;
conn / as sysdba

SQL> ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT CREATE KEYSTORE 'c:\apps18\admin\orabase18\wallet' IDENTIFIED BY "N0Way!42";

keystore altered.

SQL> ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT CREATE AUTO_LOGIN FROM KEYSTORE 'c:\apps18\admin\orabase18\wallet' IDENTIFIED BY "N0Way!";

keystore altered.
Open Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE OPEN IDENTIFIED BY <password> [CONTAINER = <ALL | CURRENT>];
conn / as sysdba

SQL> ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE OPEN IDENTIFIED BY "N0Way!";

keystore altered.

SQL> SELECT * FROM v$encryption_wallet;

WRL_TYPE WRL_PARAMETER                       STATUS             WALLET_TY WALLET_OR FULLY_BAC CON_ID
-------- ----------------------------------- ------------------ --------- --------- --------- ------
FILE     C:\APP2\ORACLE\ADMIN\ORABASE\WALLET OPEN_NO_MASTER_KEY PASSWORD  SINGLE    UNDEFINED      1

-- log in to container 3
SQL> conn sys@pdbdev as sysdba

SQL> ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE OPEN IDENTIFIED BY "N0Way!";

SQL> SELECT * FROM v$encryption_wallet;

WRL_TYPE  WRL_PARAMETER  STATUS             WALLET_TYPE WALLET_OR FULLY_BAC CON_ID
--------- -------------- ------------------ ----------- --------- --------- ------
FILE                     OPEN_NO_MASTER_KEY PASSWORD    SINGLE    UNDEFINED      3
Set a Master Key ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEY IDENTIFIED BY '<keystore_password>']
[WITH BACKUP USING '<backup_name>'
[CONTAINER = <ALL | CURRENT>;
SQL> conn c##sec_admin/"N0Way!"
password:

SQL> ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEY IDENTIFIED BY "N0WayIn!" WITH BACKUP USING 'tde_key_backup';
ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEY IDENTIFIED BY "N0Access!" WITH BACKUP USING 'tde_key_backup'
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-46671: master key not set in root container

SQL> conn c##sec_admin/"N0Way!"
Connected.

SQL> ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEY IDENTIFIED BY "N0WayIn!" WITH BACKUP USING 'tde_key_backup';

keystore altered.

SQL> SELECT * FROM v$encryption_wallet;

WRL_TYPE  WRL_PARAMETER                        STATUS  WALLET_TYPE WALLET_OR FULLY_BAC CON_ID
--------- ------------------------------------ ------- ----------- --------- --------- ------
FILE      C:\APP\ORACLE\ADMIN\ORABASE\WALLET\  OPEN    PASSWORD    SINGLE    NO             1
Close Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE CLOSE
[IDENTIFIED BY '<keystore_password>']
[CONTAINER = <ALL | CURRENT>;
SQL> ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE CLOSE IDENTIFIED BY "N0Access!";

keystore altered.
Drop Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE CLOSE
[IDENTIFIED BY '<keystore_password>']
[CONTAINER = <ALL | CURRENT>;
SQL> ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT DROP KEYSTORE IDENTIFIED BY "N0Access!";

keystore altered.
 
WALLET
Open the wallet ALTER SYSTEM SET [ENCRYPTION] WALLET OPEN IDENTIFIED BY <password>;
desc gv$encryption_wallet

col wrl_parameter format a50

SELECT *
FROM gv$encryption_wallet;

ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION WALLET OPEN IDENTIFIED BY "N0way!";

-- failure to do so will result in: ORA-28365: wallet is not open
SELECT *
FROM v$encryption_wallet;
Close the wallet ALTER SYSTEM SET WALLET CLOSE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET WALLET CLOSE;

Related Topics
Database Security
Network Access Control Lists
SecureFiles
Transparent Data Encryption
What's New In 21c
What's New In 26ai

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